Aflatoxin
A group of toxic compounds produced by molds that can contaminate crops like peanuts, corn, and tree nuts, and may cause cancer.
What It Means
Aflatoxins are a group of naturally occurring mycotoxins produced primarily by the molds Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. These toxic compounds can contaminate a wide range of agricultural products including peanuts, corn, cottonseed, tree nuts (particularly almonds, pistachios, and walnuts), figs, spices, and dried fruits. Aflatoxins are among the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens known, with chronic exposure associated with liver cancer, immune suppression, and impaired child development. The FDA has established action levels for aflatoxins in food: 20 parts per billion (ppb) for most foods and 0.5 ppb for milk (as aflatoxin M1). When aflatoxin levels in food products exceed these action levels, the product is considered adulterated and subject to recall. Aflatoxin contamination is most common in commodities grown in warm, humid climates and is exacerbated by drought stress during crop growth. The toxins are chemically stable and resist degradation during most food processing methods, including cooking, roasting, and pasteurization. Prevention of aflatoxin contamination involves pre-harvest strategies (resistant crop varieties, proper irrigation), post-harvest controls (rapid drying, proper storage), and testing programs to identify contaminated lots before they enter the food supply. Food recalls due to aflatoxin contamination are typically classified as Class I due to the carcinogenic nature of the toxin.
Related Terms
Adulteration
When a food product contains an unsafe substance, was processed under unsanitary conditions, or otherwise violates FDA safety standards.
Class I Recall
The most serious type of FDA recall, issued when a product could cause serious health problems or death.
Foodborne Illness
Any illness resulting from consuming contaminated food, also known as food poisoning.
Food Safety Plan
A written document required by FSMA that details a facility's hazard analysis, preventive controls, and monitoring procedures.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does Aflatoxin mean?
A group of toxic compounds produced by molds that can contaminate crops like peanuts, corn, and tree nuts, and may cause cancer.
Why is Aflatoxin important for food safety?
Aflatoxins are a group of naturally occurring mycotoxins produced primarily by the molds Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. These toxic compounds can contaminate a wide range of agricultural products including peanuts, corn, cottonseed, tree nuts (particularly almonds, pistachios, and w...